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- refactored luftwiderstand

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jens
2025-12-18 11:23:24 +01:00
parent 989be65c55
commit 04bf06dfa9
1 changed files with 28 additions and 56 deletions
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luftwiderstand.py
+28 -56
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@@ -9,46 +9,16 @@ g_p0 = 101325
g_RS = 287.54 g_RS = 287.54
# CW-Wert und Stirnfläche # CW-Wert und Stirnfläche
c_val_id3 = 0.267
area_id3 = 2.360 # m^2
car_list = [ car_list = {
{ 'VW id.3' : {'cw': 0.267, 'area': 2.36},
"car": "VW id.3", 'Tesla Model Y LR AWD': {'cw': 0.23, 'area': 2.518},
"cw": 0.267, 'Tesla Model 3 LR AWD': {'cw': 0.23, 'area': 2.220},
"area": 2.360 'Polestar 2': {'cw': 0.278, 'area': 2.480},
}, 'Renault Zoe': {'cw': 0.33, 'area': 2.27},
{ 'Hyundai Kona Elektro': {'cw': 0.29, 'area': 2.37},
"car": "Tesla Model Y LR AWD", 'Hyundai Ioniq': {'cw': 0.24, 'area': 2.22}
"cw": 0.23, }
"area": 2.518
},
{
"car": "Tesla Model 3 LR AWD",
"cw": 0.23,
"area": 2.220
},
{
"car": "Polestar 2",
"cw": 0.278,
"area": 2.480
},
{
"car": "Renault Zoe",
"cw": 0.33,
"area": 2.27
},
{
"car": "Hyundai Kona Elektro",
"cw": 0.29,
"area": 2.37
},
{
"car": "Hyundai Ioniq Elektro",
"cw": 0.24,
"area": 2.22
}
]
temp_list = [-20, -10, 0, 10, 20, 30] temp_list = [-20, -10, 0, 10, 20, 30]
vel_list = [20, 40, 60, 80, 100, 120, 130, 140, 160] vel_list = [20, 40, 60, 80, 100, 120, 130, 140, 160]
@@ -65,32 +35,34 @@ def fd(rho: float, velocity_kmh: float, c_val: float, area: float):
res = 0.5*rho*vel*vel*cwa res = 0.5*rho*vel*vel*cwa
return res return res
def plot_1(fd_reference): def plot_1(car_ref, t_ref=20, v_ref=100):
fd_reference_100 = fd(rho(t_ref), v_ref, car_ref['cw'], car_ref['area'])
temps_list_leg = [f"{t}°C" for t in temp_list] temps_list_leg = [f"{t}°C" for t in temp_list]
plot.figure() plot.figure()
for temp_degc in temp_list: for temp_degc in temp_list:
rho_t = rho(temp_degc) rho_t = rho(temp_degc)
y_fd = [] y_fd = []
for vel_kmh in vel_list: for vel_kmh in vel_list:
fd_t = (fd(rho_t, vel_kmh, c_val_id3, area_id3)/fd_reference - 1) * 100 fd_t = (fd(rho_t, vel_kmh, car_ref['cw'], car_ref['area'])/fd_reference_100 - 1) * 100
y_fd.append(fd_t) y_fd.append(fd_t)
plot.plot(vel_list, y_fd) plot.plot(vel_list, y_fd)
plot.title("Luftwiderstand vs Geschwindigkeit") plot.title(f"Luftwiderstand vs Geschwindigkeit, T={t_ref}°C, v={v_ref}km/h")
plot.ylabel("Luftwiderstand [%]") plot.ylabel("Luftwiderstand [%]")
plot.xlabel("Geschwindigkeit [km/h]") plot.xlabel("Geschwindigkeit [km/h]")
plot.legend(temps_list_leg) plot.legend(temps_list_leg)
plot.grid() plot.grid()
def plot_2(temp=20): def plot_2(car_ref, t_ref=20, v_ref=100):
''' Fd vs. velocity, param: car ''' ''' Fd vs. velocity, param: car '''
# [kmh] # [kmh]
car_list_leg = [f"{t['car']}" for t in car_list] car_list_leg = [f"{t}" for t in car_list.keys()]
rho_t = rho(temp) rho_t = rho(t_ref)
reference = fd(rho_t, 100, c_val_id3, area_id3) reference = fd(rho_t, v_ref, car_ref['cw'], car_ref['area'])
plot.figure() plot.figure()
for car in car_list: for key in car_list:
car = car_list[key]
y_fd = [] y_fd = []
for vel_kmh in vel_list: for vel_kmh in vel_list:
fd_t = (fd(rho_t, vel_kmh, car['cw'], car['area'])/reference - 1) * 100 fd_t = (fd(rho_t, vel_kmh, car['cw'], car['area'])/reference - 1) * 100
@@ -100,17 +72,17 @@ def plot_2(temp=20):
plot.ylabel("Luftwiderstand ID.3 [%]") plot.ylabel("Luftwiderstand ID.3 [%]")
plot.xlabel("Geschwindigkeit [km/h]") plot.xlabel("Geschwindigkeit [km/h]")
plot.title(f"Luftwiderstand vs Geschwindigkeit, Temperature {temp}°C") plot.title(f"Luftwiderstand vs Geschwindigkeit, T={t_ref}°C, v={v_ref}km/h")
plot.legend(car_list_leg) plot.legend(car_list_leg)
plot.grid() plot.grid()
def plot_3(y_fd, y_pwr, temp=20): def plot_3(y_fd, y_pwr, t_ref=20):
car_list_leg = [f"{t['car']}" for t in car_list] car_list_leg = [f"{t}" for t in car_list.keys()]
fig, ax1 = plot.subplots() fig, ax1 = plot.subplots()
ax1.plot(vel_list, y_fd) ax1.plot(vel_list, y_fd)
ax1.set_ylabel("Luftwiderstand [N]") ax1.set_ylabel("Luftwiderstand [N]")
ax1.set_xlabel("Geschwindigkeit [km/h]") ax1.set_xlabel("Geschwindigkeit [km/h]")
ax1.set_title(f"Luftwiderstand vs Geschwindigkeit, Temperature {temp}°C") ax1.set_title(f"Luftwiderstand vs Geschwindigkeit, T={t_ref}°C")
ax1.legend(car_list_leg) ax1.legend(car_list_leg)
ax2 = ax1.twinx() ax2 = ax1.twinx()
ax2.set_ylabel("Antriebsleistung [kW]", color='tab:red') ax2.set_ylabel("Antriebsleistung [kW]", color='tab:red')
@@ -119,7 +91,7 @@ def plot_3(y_fd, y_pwr, temp=20):
ax1.grid() ax1.grid()
def plot_4(y_fd, y_energy, temp=20): def plot_4(y_fd, y_energy, temp=20):
car_list_leg = [f"{t['car']}" for t in car_list] car_list_leg = [f"{t}" for t in car_list.keys()]
fig, ax1 = plot.subplots() fig, ax1 = plot.subplots()
ax1.plot(vel_list, y_fd) ax1.plot(vel_list, y_fd)
ax1.set_ylabel("Luftwiderstand [N]") ax1.set_ylabel("Luftwiderstand [N]")
@@ -134,21 +106,21 @@ def plot_4(y_fd, y_energy, temp=20):
plot.show() plot.show()
def main() -> None: def main() -> None:
car = car_list['VW id.3']
# Fd vs. velocity, param: temperature # Fd vs. velocity, param: temperature
reference = fd(rho(20), 100, c_val_id3, area_id3)
temp_ref = 20 temp_ref = 20
# Luftwiderstand [%] vs. Geschwindigkeit [kmh], Param: Temperatur # Luftwiderstand [%] vs. Geschwindigkeit [kmh], Param: Temperatur
plot_1(reference) plot_1(car)
# Luftwiderstand [%] vs. Geschwindigkeit [kmh] at 20°C, Param: Car Model # Luftwiderstand [%] vs. Geschwindigkeit [kmh] at 20°C, Param: Car Model
plot_2(temp_ref) plot_2(car, temp_ref)
y_fd = [] y_fd = []
y_pwr = [] y_pwr = []
y_energy = [] y_energy = []
for vel_kmh in vel_list: for vel_kmh in vel_list:
fd_t = fd(rho(temp_ref), vel_kmh, c_val_id3, area_id3) fd_t = fd(rho(temp_ref), vel_kmh, car['cw'], car['area'])
y_fd.append(fd_t) y_fd.append(fd_t)
y_pwr.append(fd_t*vel_kmh/1000/3.6) y_pwr.append(fd_t*vel_kmh/1000/3.6)
y_energy.append(fd_t*vel_kmh/1000/3.6*100/vel_kmh) y_energy.append(fd_t*vel_kmh/1000/3.6*100/vel_kmh)